gamma_radiation – gamma radiation (1.2 MeV)

Name
WID	gamma_radiation
Name	gamma radiation (1.2 MeV)

Value
Value	2.8e-11 (Gy/s)

Function
Reaction participant	hydroxyl radical generation gamma_radiation[e] + (2) H2O[c] ⇒ (2) H[c] + hydroxyl_radical[c] + OH[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (uracil ==> 5,6-dihydroxyuracil; dialuric acid; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + (2) hydroxyl_radical[c] + URA[c] ⇒ DHURA[c] + (2) H[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (thymine ==> thymine glycol; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + (2) hydroxyl_radical[c] + THY[c] ⇒ THY_GLYC[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (thymine ==> 5-hydroxy-6-hydroxythymine; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + H[c] + hydroxyl_radical[c] + THY[c] ⇒ ho5ho6THY[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (5-methylcytosine ==> 5'-hydroxymethylcytosine; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + hydroxyl_radical[c] + m5CSN[c] ⇒ H[c] + hm5CSN[c] ... 17 more DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (guanine ==> 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + GN[c] + H[c] + hydroxyl_radical[c] ⇒ FAPyGN[c] hydroxyl radical generation gamma_radiation[e] + H2O[c] ⇒ hydride[c] + hydroxyl_radical[c] Radiation (gamma-ray) induced strand break dRibose5P_dRibose5P[c] + gamma_radiation[e] + H2O[c] ⇒ (2) DR5P[c] + H[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (adenine ==> 2-hydroxyadenine; hydroxyl radical) AD[c] + gamma_radiation[e] + hydroxyl_radical[c] ⇒ H[c] + oxo2AD[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (adenine ==> 8-hydroxyadenine; hydroxyl radical) AD[c] + gamma_radiation[e] + hydroxyl_radical[c] ⇒ H[c] + oxo8AD[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (guanine ==> 8-Oxo-guanine; 8-hydroxyguanine; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + GN[c] + hydroxyl_radical[c] ⇒ H[c] + oxo8GN[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (uracil ==> 5-hydroxyuracil; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + hydroxyl_radical[c] + URA[c] ⇒ H[c] + ho5URA[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (thymine ==> 5-hydroxymethyluracil; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + hydroxyl_radical[c] + THY[c] ⇒ H[c] + hm5URA[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (cytosine ==> 5-Hydroxycytosine; hydroxyl radical) CSN[c] + gamma_radiation[e] + hydroxyl_radical[c] ⇒ H[c] + ho5CSN[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (adenine ==> 4,6-diamino-5-N-formamidopyrimidine; hydroxyl radical) AD[c] + gamma_radiation[e] + H[c] + hydroxyl_radical[c] ⇒ FAPyAD[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (uracil ==> 5-hydroxy-6-hydroxyuracil; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + H[c] + hydroxyl_radical[c] + URA[c] ⇒ ho5ho6URA[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (hypoxanthine ==> xanthine; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + hydroxyl_radical[c] + HYXN[c] ⇒ H[c] + XAN[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (5,6-dihydroxyuracil; dialuric acid ==> 5-hydroxyhydantoin; hydroxyl radical) DHURA[c] + gamma_radiation[e] + H2O[c] ⇒ CO2[c] + (2) H[c] + ho5hydantoin[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (3-methylcytosine ==> 3'-hydroxymethylcytosine; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + hydroxyl_radical[c] + m3CSN[c] ⇒ H[c] + hm3CSN[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (cytosine ==> cytosine glycol; hydroxyl radical) CSN[c] + gamma_radiation[e] + (2) hydroxyl_radical[c] ⇒ CSN_GLYC[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (5-hydroxymethyluracil ==> 5-formyluracil; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + hm5URA[c] + hydroxyl_radical[c] ⇒ f5URA[c] + H[c] + H2O[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (5-formyluracil ==> 5-Carbouyuracil; hydroxyl radical) f5URA[c] + gamma_radiation[e] + hydroxyl_radical[c] ⇒ c5URA[c] + H[c]

Comments
Comments	γ-radiation is 100 nGy/h at Mexico City, Mexico [PUB_0496]. 60Co produces γ-radiation of 1.17 and 1.33 MeV, and is commonly used to study γ-radiation induced DNA damage which includes single and double strand breaks and base damage [PUB_0497].
References	Gulston M, Fulford J, Jenner T, de Lara C, O'Neill P. Clustered DNA damage induced by gamma radiation in human fibroblasts (HF19), hamster (V79-4) cells and plasmid DNA is revealed as Fpg and Nth sensitive sites. Nucleic Acids Res 30, 3464-72 (2002). WholeCell: PUB_0497, PubMed: 12140332 Zárate-Morales A, Buenfil AE. Environmental gamma dose measurements in Mexico City using TLD. Health Phys 71, 358-61 (1996). WholeCell: PUB_0496, PubMed: 8698578

Metadata
Created	2012-10-01 15:09:13
Last updated	2012-10-01 15:18:29