THY – thymine

Name
WID	THY
Name	thymine
Traditional name	Thy
IUPAC name	5-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione
Cross references	ChEBI: 17821, PubChem: 3478, CAS: 65-71-4, ThreeDMET: B00051, KNApSAcK: C00001511, ... 4 more

Classification
Type	nucleobase

Structure
Empirical formula (pH 7.5)	H₆C₅N₂O₂
SMILES (pH 7.5)	CC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O
Charge (pH 7.5)	0
Is hydrophobic	False
Molecular weight (Da)	126.11
van der Waals volume (pH 7.5; Å³ molecule^‑1)	105.57
Δ_fG^'o (pH 7.5, 25C, I = 0; kJ mol^‑1)	34.90
pK_a	9.94
pI	2.51
logP	-0.460
logD (pH 7.5)	-0.460

Concentrations
Media composition (SP4; mM)	0.0793

Function
Reaction participant	Spontaneous base deamination (5-methylcytosine ==> thymine) [c]: H2O + m5CSN ⇒ NH3 + THY DNA base ethylation (thymine ==> 3'-ethylthymine; diethyl sulfate) [c]: DES + THY ⇒ e3THY + ES DNA base methylation (thymine ==> 4'-O-methylthymine; N-methyl-N-nitrosourea) [c]: MNU + THY ⇒ NU + O4mTHY DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (thymine ==> thymine glycol; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + (2) hydroxyl_radical[c] + THY[c] ⇒ THY_GLYC[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (thymine ==> 5-hydroxy-6-hydroxythymine; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + H[c] + hydroxyl_radical[c] + THY[c] ⇒ ho5ho6THY[c] ... 24 more DNA photodimerization (2'-deoxycytidine-p-2'-deoxythymidine ==> 2'-deoxycytidine-[6,4]-2'-deoxythymidine; UV-B) CSN[c] + THY[c] + UVB_radiation[e] ⇒ CSN64THY[c] DNA base ethylation (thymine ==> 4'-O-ethylthymine; diethyl sulfate) [c]: DES + THY ⇒ ES + O4eTHY DNA base ethylation (thymine ==> 3'-ethylthymine; ethyl methanesulfonate) [c]: EMS + THY ⇒ e3THY + MS DNA photodimerization (2'-deoxythymidine-p-2'-deoxythymidine ==> 2'-deoxythymidine-[6,4]-2'-deoxythymidine; UV-B) (2) THY[c] + UVB_radiation[e] ⇒ THY64THY[c] DNA base reduction (thymine ==> 5,6-dihydrothymine; hydrogen radical) [c]: (2) hydrogen_radical + THY ⇒ DHTHY thymine transport via proton antiport H[c] + THY[e] ⇒ H[e] + THY[c] DNA photodimerization (2'-deoxythymidine-p-2'-deoxythymidine ==> cyclobutane 2'-deoxythymidine dimer; UV-B) (2) THY[c] + UVB_radiation[e] ⇒ cyclobutane_THYTHY[c] DNA base ethylation (thymine ==> 3'-ethylthymine; ethyl nitrosourea) [c]: ENU + THY ⇒ e3THY + NU DNA base methylation (thymine ==> 3'-methylthymine; methyl methanesulphonate) [c]: MMS + THY ⇒ m3THY + MS DNA photodimerization (2'-deoxythymidine-p-2'-deoxycytidine ==> cyclobutane 2'-deoxythymidine 2'-deoxycytidine; UV-B) CSN[c] + THY[c] + UVB_radiation[e] ⇒ cyclobutane_THYCSN[c] DNA radiation (gamma-ray) induced base oxidation (thymine ==> 5-hydroxymethyluracil; hydroxyl radical) gamma_radiation[e] + hydroxyl_radical[c] + THY[c] ⇒ H[c] + hm5URA[c] DNA base ethylation (thymine ==> 4'-O-ethylthymine; ethyl nitrosourea) [c]: ENU + THY ⇒ NU + O4eTHY DNA photodimerization (2'-deoxythymidine-p-2'-deoxycytidine ==> 2'-deoxythymidine-[6,4]-2'-deoxycytidine; UV-B) CSN[c] + THY[c] + UVB_radiation[e] ⇒ THY64CSN[c] Spontaneous base loss (thymine) [c]: DTMP + H2O ⇒ DR5P + THY DNA base ethylation (thymine ==> 2'-O-ethylthymine; diethyl sulfate) [c]: DES + THY ⇒ ES + O2eTHY DNA photodimerization (2'-deoxycytidine-p-2'-deoxythymidine ==> cyclobutane 2'-deoxycytidine 2'-deoxythymidine; UV-B) CSN[c] + THY[c] + UVB_radiation[e] ⇒ cyclobutane_CSNTHY[c] DNA base methylation (thymine ==> 2'-O-methylthymine; N-methyl-N-nitrosourea) [c]: MNU + THY ⇒ NU + O2mTHY DNA base ethylation (thymine ==> 4'-O-ethylthymine; ethyl methanesulfonate) [c]: EMS + THY ⇒ MS + O4eTHY thymidine phosphorylase [c]: DT + PI ⇔ DR1P + THY DNA base methylation (thymine ==> 2'-O-methylthymine; N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine) [c]: MNNG + THY ⇒ NNG + O2mTHY DNA base methylation (thymine ==> 4'-O-methylthymine; N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine) [c]: MNNG + THY ⇒ NNG + O4mTHY DNA base ethylation (thymine ==> 2'-O-ethylthymine; ethyl methanesulfonate) [c]: EMS + THY ⇒ MS + O2eTHY DNA base methylation (thymine ==> 3'-methylthymine; N-methyl-N-nitrosourea) [c]: MNU + THY ⇒ m3THY + NU DNA base ethylation (thymine ==> 2'-O-ethylthymine; ethyl nitrosourea) [c]: ENU + THY ⇒ NU + O2eTHY

Metadata
Created	2012-10-01 15:07:08
Last updated	2012-10-01 15:12:34